
This article was originally published on Forbes on February 12, 2018.
There was a ton of excitement about the new tax law passed at the end of 2017, especially in the business community. But the changes brought about by the law will certainly impact another area as well: charitable giving.
First, a little tax speak: with the standard deduction doubling under the law, many individuals and couples will see fewer financial benefits because the standard deduction would be more than their itemized deduction, including things like charity and mortgage payments. Consider an example of clients of ours: a retired couple in their 70s. They are fortunate in that they have a sizable retirement portfolio that generates significant annual income—more than six figures—which includes money they are required to take from their retirement funds starting at age 70.5, otherwise known as Required Minimum Distributions. The couple also lives in Virginia, which has a modest income tax rate, and they own their home outright—which means they have no mortgage interest to deduct. They still do pay relatively high property taxes, and in the past, the couple has given roughly $5,000 in charitable gifts.
But this year, unless they encounter significant medical expenses (which total more than 7.5% of their total income), this couple will likely choose the standard deduction when they file their taxes in 2019. By doing so, that also means that they have no financial incentive to give to charity unless they give enough to push them above the $24,000 standard deduction threshold.
Will the new tax law hurt charities?
Most people give to make an impact, not for the financial incentive. And not all is lost under the new tax law, thanks to an often overlooked corner of the code. This provision, which the IRS calls a Qualified Charitable Distribution, allows anyone aged 70.5 or older to donate money from their IRA account directly to a charitable organization without that gift counting as income. While Inherited IRAs are also eligible for a QCD, SIMPLE IRA plans and simplified employee pension (SEP) plans are excluded from this rule. There are also some restrictions on the types of charitable organizations that are eligible to receive a QCD. If you or your spouse meet this age requirement, you can transfer up to $100,000 a year without paying any tax on that transaction. Even better, any money you transfer via one of these distributions reduces the amount you must take in required distributions. As an example, take a 75-year-old retiree whose RMD was calculated to be $50,000 for the year. She would normally take these funds and realize that income on her return. Instead, she may choose to make a $5,000 contribution to a qualified charity. In this case, $45,000 would appear as income on her return, thereby benefiting financially from her good deed.
As many individuals now have a combination of ROTH and regular IRAs, it is worth noting that this is not a strategy for ROTH IRAs. While in certain circumstances, ROTH IRAs may be eligible for a QCD, it generally does not make sense as most distributions from ROTH IRAs are not taxable income. They also do not have required distributions during the owner’s lifetime.
We’ll be looking into other overlooked provisions of the tax code, and how you might be able to take advantage of them when it comes to your portfolio, in future posts.